The Science of Tear Gas

There’s a lot of confusion about tear gases—what they are, what they do, and whether they can cause long-term harm. Here's what we know.

Hosted by: Michael Aranda

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Tear Gases
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4814-6
https://doi.org/10.1002/jat.767
https://doi.org/10.1136/jramc-2013-000165
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27391380/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11901348/
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800159-2.00011-7
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-386454-3.00638-2
https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/963638
https://doi.org/10.1080/08958378.2018.1451575
https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.b2283
https://doi.org/10.17226/18707
TRP channels
https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-cellbio-101011-155833
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22233379/
Electrophilic Agents
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2008.04.005
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15071820/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19036859/
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120201397
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-386454-3.00595-9
https://doi.org/10.1080/00039896.1963.10663407
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12668703/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28424320/
Capsaicinoids
https://doi.org/10.1520/JFS14999J
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28044278/
https://doi.org/10.1021/np9600816
History of Tear Gases
https://doi.org/10.2307/3103718
https://doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.5.4.1
https://doi.org/10.3764/aja.115.1.0069
Government/Military Documents
https://www.opcw.org/chemical-weapons-convention/articles
https://www.opcw.org/sites/default/files/documents/SAB/en/sab25wp01_e_.pdf
https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/customary-ihl/eng/docs/v2_cou_us_rule75 https://ke.army.mil/bordeninstitute/published_volumes/chemBio/Ch12.pdf
https://ac.home.xs4all.nl/crowdcontrol.pdf
https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/182433.pdf
https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/181655.pdf
http://npic.orst.edu/factsheets/archive/Capsaicintech.html
https://archive.epa.gov/pesticides/reregistration/web/pdf/4018fact.pdf
https://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/riotcontrol/factsheet.asp
Other Coverage
https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-019-02594-5
https://core.ac.uk/reader/287490352
https://www.chemistryworld.com/podcasts/cs-gas/8442.article
https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/cs-spray-and-its-safe-components-1342754.html
https://www.newyorker.com/tech/annals-of-technology/object-of-interest-pepper-spray

Image Sources:
https://bit.ly/2XMyivB
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Soldiers_drill_in_their_gas_masks_during_World_War_I_(4041501708).jpg
https://bit.ly/3icvr6J
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Capsicum_annuum_-_K%C3%B6hler%E2%80%93s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-027.jpg
https://www.eurekalert.org/multimedia/pub/93343.php
https://bit.ly/2PwoJfv
https://bit.ly/3kpBG9k
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PulmEdema.PNG
https://www.flickr.com/photos/diversey/24733335584/in/photostream/
https://bit.ly/2C6ehsc