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Rebalancing the World Economy

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This is the VOA Special English Economics Report.In September, the Group of 20 met in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It was the third Group of 20 summit in less than a year. Leaders of the major developed and developing economies discussed ways to fix the world financial system.

In April they had agreed to do everything necessary to prevent a collapse. This time they noted their success, but warned that the "process of recovery and repair remains incomplete."

The presidents and prime ministers launched what they called a Framework for Strong, Sustainable and Balanced Growth. At the same time, they agreed to make the G20 the main group to guide international economic cooperation.

For years that has been a job for the Group of 8: Britain, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia and the United States.

But the world's economic power structure has changed. The G8 leaves out developing nations with big populations and growing economies like China, India and Brazil.

In Pittsburgh, rich nations agreed to also give up some of their representation in the International Monetary Fund. And they called for more voting power for developing nations in the World Bank.

Ghiyath Nakshbendi is a professor of international business atAmerican University in Washington, D.C. He said the decision to cooperate on economic policy is important, given how much Gross Domestic Product the G20 represents.

He said that when you talk about the G20, you are talking about nineteen countries plus the European Union that produce ninety-five percent of the G.D.P. in the world.

Martin Edwards is an assistant professor at Seton Hall University in New Jersey who has written about the I.M.F. He says increasing the influence of developing nations will increase the standing of the fund and the World Bank.

But he notes that having more players at the table could also mean more disputes.

In terms of financial reforms, experts say there is widespread support for some proposals to control risks. But others are unpopular in America and Britain. These include linking the pay of bankers to their bank's long-term performance.

G20 leaders plan to meet next in Canada in June and in South Korea next November. They face many hard choices in the coming months. Professor Nakshbendi says the biggest question is to what extent are they willing to follow their own advice.

And that's the VOA Special English Economics Report.

(Adapted from a radio program broadcast 09Oct2009)
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