For the pioneers of human aviation, one of the trickiest problems was figuring out how to steer the early craft. Then, the Wright Brothers changed everything by using bike parts and watching birds.
Hosted by: Hank Green
SciShow has a spinoff podcast! It's called SciShow Tangents. Check it out at http://www.scishowtangents.org
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Sources:
https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/may/16/flight-wright-brothers-gustave-whitehead-connecticut-ohio-north-carolina
https://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/wright-brothers/online/
https://www.nationalballoonmuseum.com/about/history-of-ballooning/
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-George-Cayley
https://web.archive.org/web/20130511071413/http://www.aeronautics.nasa.gov/fap/OnAerialNavigationPt1.pdf
https://web.archive.org/web/20130511041814/http://www.aeronautics.nasa.gov/fap/OnAerialNavigationPt2.pdf
https://web.archive.org/web/20130511052409/http://www.aeronautics.nasa.gov/fap/OnAerialNavigationPt3.pdf
http://www.ctie.monash.edu.au/hargrave/cayley.html
https://www.newscientist.com/term/first-powered-flight/
http://www.ctie.monash.edu/hargrave/stringfellow.html
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Ader-Eole
http://www.lilienthal-museum.de/olma/ewright.htm
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Otto-Lilienthal
https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/langley-aerodrome-a/nasm_A19180001000
https://books.google.com/books?id=924HJXFOU9wC&pg=PA172&lpg=PA172&dq=“A+bird+balanced+by+turning+the+forward+edge+of+one+wingtip+up+and+the+other+down.+The+image+of+‘an+animated+windmill’+stuck+in+Wilbur’s+mind.+‘Here,’+he+noted,+‘was+the+silent+birth+of+all+that+underlies+human+flight.’”&source=bl&ots=dwtoXbuPtT&sig=ACfU3U0l97LJ0hz9vH-4VNa2vq0KN3TsjA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj4l_P_7fzqAhWQZd8KHc3iD4QQ6AEwAHoECAEQAQ#v=onepage&q=“A%20bird%20balanced%20by%20turning%20the%20forward%20edge%20of%20one%20wingtip%20up%20and%20the%20other%20down.%20The%20image%20of%20‘an%20animated%20windmill’%20stuck%20in%20Wilbur’s%20mind.%20‘Here%2C’%20he%20noted%2C%20‘was%20the%20silent%20birth%20of%20all%20that%20underlies%20human%20flight.’”&f=false
https://books.google.com/books?id=-jEms0WpsBoC&pg=PA170&lpg=PA170&dq=%22some+would+agree+that+they+first+turned+the+handlebar+a+little+to+the+right,+and+then+as+the+machine+inclined+to+the+left,+they+turned+the+handlebar+to+the+left+and+as+a+result+made+the+circle,+inclining+inwardly.”&source=bl&ots=TRuYC9qHq8&sig=ACfU3U14aWtpOa8ttS8Aj1GOkJdyEAZ_Uw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwic78WO7vzqAhWhc98KHUjtCbQQ6AEwDHoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=%22some%20would%20agree%20that%20they%20first%20turned%20the%20handlebar%20a%20little%20to%20the%20right%2C%20and%20then%20as%20the%20machine%20inclined%20to%20the%20left%2C%20they%20turned%20the%20handlebar%20to%20the%20left%20and%20as%20a%20result%20made%20the%20circle%2C%20inclining%20inwardly.”&f=false
https://wright.nasa.gov/airplane/warp.html
https://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K-12/airplane/incline.html
https://www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/handbooks_manuals/aviation/phak/media/08_phak_ch6.pdf
https://www.britannica.com/technology/history-of-flight/The-generation-and-application-of-power-the-problem-of-propulsion
https://www.britannica.com/technology/history-of-flight/The-generation-and-application-of-power-the-problem-of-propulsion
https://uh.edu/engines/epi254.htm
https://uh.edu/engines/epi1867.htm
https://wright.nasa.gov/airplane/propeller.html
https://wright.nasa.gov/airplane/tunnel.html
https://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/wright-brothers/online/fly/1901/wings.cfm
https://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/wright-brothers/online/fly/1901/smeaton.cfm
https://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/wright-brothers/online/fly/1902/perfecting.cfm
Image Sources:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/ajw1970/23789780956
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fordsidevalve.jpg
Hosted by: Hank Green
SciShow has a spinoff podcast! It's called SciShow Tangents. Check it out at http://www.scishowtangents.org
----------
Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/scishow
----------
Huge thanks go to the following Patreon supporters for helping us keep SciShow free for everyone forever:
Bd_Tmprd, Harrison Mills, Jeffrey Mckishen, James Knight, Christoph Schwanke, Jacob, Matt Curls, Sam Buck, Christopher R Boucher, Eric Jensen, Lehel Kovacs, Adam Brainard, Greg, Ash, Sam Lutfi, Piya Shedden, KatieMarie Magnone, Scott Satovsky Jr, Charles Southerland, charles george, Alex Hackman, Chris Peters, Kevin Bealer
----------
Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/scishow
Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/scishow
Tumblr: http://scishow.tumblr.com
Instagram: http://instagram.com/thescishow
----------
Sources:
https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/may/16/flight-wright-brothers-gustave-whitehead-connecticut-ohio-north-carolina
https://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/wright-brothers/online/
https://www.nationalballoonmuseum.com/about/history-of-ballooning/
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-George-Cayley
https://web.archive.org/web/20130511071413/http://www.aeronautics.nasa.gov/fap/OnAerialNavigationPt1.pdf
https://web.archive.org/web/20130511041814/http://www.aeronautics.nasa.gov/fap/OnAerialNavigationPt2.pdf
https://web.archive.org/web/20130511052409/http://www.aeronautics.nasa.gov/fap/OnAerialNavigationPt3.pdf
http://www.ctie.monash.edu.au/hargrave/cayley.html
https://www.newscientist.com/term/first-powered-flight/
http://www.ctie.monash.edu/hargrave/stringfellow.html
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Ader-Eole
http://www.lilienthal-museum.de/olma/ewright.htm
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Otto-Lilienthal
https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/langley-aerodrome-a/nasm_A19180001000
https://books.google.com/books?id=924HJXFOU9wC&pg=PA172&lpg=PA172&dq=“A+bird+balanced+by+turning+the+forward+edge+of+one+wingtip+up+and+the+other+down.+The+image+of+‘an+animated+windmill’+stuck+in+Wilbur’s+mind.+‘Here,’+he+noted,+‘was+the+silent+birth+of+all+that+underlies+human+flight.’”&source=bl&ots=dwtoXbuPtT&sig=ACfU3U0l97LJ0hz9vH-4VNa2vq0KN3TsjA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj4l_P_7fzqAhWQZd8KHc3iD4QQ6AEwAHoECAEQAQ#v=onepage&q=“A%20bird%20balanced%20by%20turning%20the%20forward%20edge%20of%20one%20wingtip%20up%20and%20the%20other%20down.%20The%20image%20of%20‘an%20animated%20windmill’%20stuck%20in%20Wilbur’s%20mind.%20‘Here%2C’%20he%20noted%2C%20‘was%20the%20silent%20birth%20of%20all%20that%20underlies%20human%20flight.’”&f=false
https://books.google.com/books?id=-jEms0WpsBoC&pg=PA170&lpg=PA170&dq=%22some+would+agree+that+they+first+turned+the+handlebar+a+little+to+the+right,+and+then+as+the+machine+inclined+to+the+left,+they+turned+the+handlebar+to+the+left+and+as+a+result+made+the+circle,+inclining+inwardly.”&source=bl&ots=TRuYC9qHq8&sig=ACfU3U14aWtpOa8ttS8Aj1GOkJdyEAZ_Uw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwic78WO7vzqAhWhc98KHUjtCbQQ6AEwDHoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=%22some%20would%20agree%20that%20they%20first%20turned%20the%20handlebar%20a%20little%20to%20the%20right%2C%20and%20then%20as%20the%20machine%20inclined%20to%20the%20left%2C%20they%20turned%20the%20handlebar%20to%20the%20left%20and%20as%20a%20result%20made%20the%20circle%2C%20inclining%20inwardly.”&f=false
https://wright.nasa.gov/airplane/warp.html
https://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K-12/airplane/incline.html
https://www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/handbooks_manuals/aviation/phak/media/08_phak_ch6.pdf
https://www.britannica.com/technology/history-of-flight/The-generation-and-application-of-power-the-problem-of-propulsion
https://www.britannica.com/technology/history-of-flight/The-generation-and-application-of-power-the-problem-of-propulsion
https://uh.edu/engines/epi254.htm
https://uh.edu/engines/epi1867.htm
https://wright.nasa.gov/airplane/propeller.html
https://wright.nasa.gov/airplane/tunnel.html
https://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/wright-brothers/online/fly/1901/wings.cfm
https://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/wright-brothers/online/fly/1901/smeaton.cfm
https://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/wright-brothers/online/fly/1902/perfecting.cfm
Image Sources:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/ajw1970/23789780956
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fordsidevalve.jpg
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- Documentary
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