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New Forests Under the Arctic Ice Keep Growing Bigger

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The Arctic is all about ice and cold. If you get a chance to visit it, you won’t see much other than ice, snow and bare rocks for miles and miles. In summer, there's a midnight sun that brings constant light, but not warmth: the temperature doesn’t rise above 40 degrees.
The only plants are mosses and lichen, and the only locals are polar bears, reindeer and some species of birds. Maybe the jungle is hidden beneath the ice then? Indeed, divers have found sponges of different shapes and colors here – sometimes as high as 6.5 ft.
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#Arctic #discovery #brightside
TIMESTAMPS:
Harsh conditions of the Arctic 0:29
Where are the jungles? 1:18
How do they not freeze to death? 3:04
What do they eat? 4:44
How long do they live? 5:49
Why are kelps important? 6:57
Other changes taking place in the Arctic 9:09
Music by Epidemic Sound
SUMMARY:
-The Arctic is one of the least welcoming places for life on the whole planet. And there are very few species who’ve managed to adapt to such harsh living conditions.
-While Arctic land is too harsh, the coastal waters thrive with life. There are dense forests of kelp, some of which reach a length of 49 ft.
-Most creatures living on the sea bottom are ectothermic, which means their temperature totally depends on the temperature of their environment. Some fish and animals produce their own “antifreeze”.
-The Arctic species mostly feed on plants and dead animal leftovers that fall from above in the summer. When the sea freezes again, they turn on the energy-saving mode.
-Arctic species live up to 70 years, and the species from warmer seas - only 5-10 years.
-The growth of kelps will create new shelters and habitats for fish and other sea creatures. Kelps are also important for the economy. They’re rich in ferrum, calcium and iodine, which makes them popular as a source of food. Kelps can be used for other purposes too – say, as fertilizer.
-The territory of ever-frozen land in Canada, Alaska, Greenland, Norway and Siberia is getting smaller by 1.5 ft a year. The melting of permafrost and the destruction of the Arctic coast block the light, which, in its turn, causes a reverse process that can stop the kelps from growing.
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