Natural selection can lead to some pretty amazing adaptations, but sometimes the resulting traits aren’t the most efficient solutions to the problems at hand. With the bar set to “good enough,” here are some features that arose from evolution which get the job done in strange or roundabout ways.
Hosted by: Rose Bear Don't Walk
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Huge thanks go to the following Patreon supporters for helping us keep SciShow free for everyone forever:
Silas Emrys, Charles Copley, Jb Taishoff, Jeffrey Mckishen, James Knight, Christoph Schwanke, Jacob, Matt Curls, Christopher R Boucher, Eric Jensen, LehelKovacs, Adam Brainard, Greg, Ash, Sam Lutfi, Piya Shedden, KatieMarie Magnone, Scott Satovsky Jr, charles george, Alex Hackman, Chris Peters, Kevin Bealer
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Sources:
Photosynthesis
http://doi.org/10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_11
http://doi.org/10.1199/tab.0130
https://doi.org/10.1042/bss0610001
http://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2005.1737
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/photosynthesis-in-plants/photorespiration--c3-c4-cam-plants/a/c3-c4-and-cam-plants-agriculture
https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ern081
https://doi.org/10.1093/jexbot/53.369.569
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.00974.x
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.04.066
https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erw156
Marsupials
http://www.academia.edu/download/45849422/The_marsupial_pouch_implications_for_rep20160522-22723-1vg6ypc.pdf
https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=zunYrumtsR8C&oi=fnd&pg=PA213&dq=marsupial+sex+organs&ots=3DsCMRupXv&sig=ReCoxZM96w1nMLWaNIgI_tozEes#v=onepage&q=marsupial%20sex%20organs&f=false
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00690.x
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228671434_To_replace_or_not_to_replace_The_significance_of_reduced_functional_tooth_replacement_in_marsupial_and_placental_mammals
The RLN
https://www.science.org.au/curious/earth-environment/why-evolution-isnt-perfect
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560832/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470179/
https://doi.org/10.4202/app.2011.0019
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.01560.pdf
Eyes
https://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/side_0_0/eyeworks_01
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/change/grand/page06.html
https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2Fnrn2283
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12052-008-0091-2
https://doi.org/10.1038/eye.2017.226
Bipedalism
https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2013/02/human-evolution-gain-came-pain
https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics4030060
https://doi.org/10.1038/46965
https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA00382353_7777
https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.10058
https://jaoa.org/aoa/content_public/journal/jaoa/938176/622.pdf
Image Sources:
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/human-evolution-concept-gm534666343-57025144
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/small-plant-growing-in-garden-with-sunlight-gm1098175106-294925383
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/close-up-of-agave-succulent-plants-selective-focus-toning-gm644186460-116811255
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/ripe-sorghum-milo-millet-crop-field-in-rows-gm503285337-44539474
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/a-mother-opossum-with-its-four-babies-on-the-pavement-gm145992459-6021241
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/kangaroo-and-joey-gm183412961-15481964
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/koala-with-joey-gm1043281514-279279126
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/pretty-faced-wallaby-gm1187266245-335312813
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/western-grey-kangaroos-hopping-in-the-pinnacles-desert-near-cervantes-in-western-gm1280454033-378751604
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Recurrent_laryngeal_nerve.svg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:GiraffaRecurrEn.svg
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/morula-early-stage-embryo-gm1199299494-343074205
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guiyu_BW.jpg
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/human-dark-brown-eyes-close-up-side-look-gm1207350570-348567451
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Evolution_eye.svg
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/common-octopus-gm894399752-247279301
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/pharaoh-cuttlefish-sepia-pharaonis-his-right-eye-north-sulawesi-indonesia-gm97881808-12318152
https://www.eurekalert.org/multimedia/pub/196779.php
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_of_eye_evolution.svg
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/running-on-tracks-gm616002088-107046357
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Stegosaurus_Senckenberg_white_background.jpg
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/3d-illustration-of-human-body-spinal-bone-anatomy-gm952777260-260108613
Hosted by: Rose Bear Don't Walk
SciShow has a spinoff podcast! It's called SciShow Tangents. Check it out at http://www.scishowtangents.org
----------
Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/scishow
----------
Huge thanks go to the following Patreon supporters for helping us keep SciShow free for everyone forever:
Silas Emrys, Charles Copley, Jb Taishoff, Jeffrey Mckishen, James Knight, Christoph Schwanke, Jacob, Matt Curls, Christopher R Boucher, Eric Jensen, LehelKovacs, Adam Brainard, Greg, Ash, Sam Lutfi, Piya Shedden, KatieMarie Magnone, Scott Satovsky Jr, charles george, Alex Hackman, Chris Peters, Kevin Bealer
----------
Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/scishow
Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/scishow
Tumblr: http://scishow.tumblr.com
Instagram: http://instagram.com/thescishow
----------
Sources:
Photosynthesis
http://doi.org/10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_11
http://doi.org/10.1199/tab.0130
https://doi.org/10.1042/bss0610001
http://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2005.1737
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/photosynthesis-in-plants/photorespiration--c3-c4-cam-plants/a/c3-c4-and-cam-plants-agriculture
https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ern081
https://doi.org/10.1093/jexbot/53.369.569
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.00974.x
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.04.066
https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erw156
Marsupials
http://www.academia.edu/download/45849422/The_marsupial_pouch_implications_for_rep20160522-22723-1vg6ypc.pdf
https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=zunYrumtsR8C&oi=fnd&pg=PA213&dq=marsupial+sex+organs&ots=3DsCMRupXv&sig=ReCoxZM96w1nMLWaNIgI_tozEes#v=onepage&q=marsupial%20sex%20organs&f=false
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00690.x
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228671434_To_replace_or_not_to_replace_The_significance_of_reduced_functional_tooth_replacement_in_marsupial_and_placental_mammals
The RLN
https://www.science.org.au/curious/earth-environment/why-evolution-isnt-perfect
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560832/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470179/
https://doi.org/10.4202/app.2011.0019
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.01560.pdf
Eyes
https://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/side_0_0/eyeworks_01
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/change/grand/page06.html
https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2Fnrn2283
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12052-008-0091-2
https://doi.org/10.1038/eye.2017.226
Bipedalism
https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2013/02/human-evolution-gain-came-pain
https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics4030060
https://doi.org/10.1038/46965
https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA00382353_7777
https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.10058
https://jaoa.org/aoa/content_public/journal/jaoa/938176/622.pdf
Image Sources:
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/human-evolution-concept-gm534666343-57025144
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/small-plant-growing-in-garden-with-sunlight-gm1098175106-294925383
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/close-up-of-agave-succulent-plants-selective-focus-toning-gm644186460-116811255
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/ripe-sorghum-milo-millet-crop-field-in-rows-gm503285337-44539474
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/a-mother-opossum-with-its-four-babies-on-the-pavement-gm145992459-6021241
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/kangaroo-and-joey-gm183412961-15481964
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/koala-with-joey-gm1043281514-279279126
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/pretty-faced-wallaby-gm1187266245-335312813
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/western-grey-kangaroos-hopping-in-the-pinnacles-desert-near-cervantes-in-western-gm1280454033-378751604
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Recurrent_laryngeal_nerve.svg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:GiraffaRecurrEn.svg
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/morula-early-stage-embryo-gm1199299494-343074205
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guiyu_BW.jpg
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/human-dark-brown-eyes-close-up-side-look-gm1207350570-348567451
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Evolution_eye.svg
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/common-octopus-gm894399752-247279301
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/pharaoh-cuttlefish-sepia-pharaonis-his-right-eye-north-sulawesi-indonesia-gm97881808-12318152
https://www.eurekalert.org/multimedia/pub/196779.php
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_of_eye_evolution.svg
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/running-on-tracks-gm616002088-107046357
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Stegosaurus_Senckenberg_white_background.jpg
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/3d-illustration-of-human-body-spinal-bone-anatomy-gm952777260-260108613
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